Science and technology in Pelinai (Pacifica)

Science and technology in Pelinai have exhibited significant advancement since the beginning of the 21st century, due primarily to heavy state and private investment in areas such as higher education, research & development, and high-technology companies.

Pelinai is one of the world’s largest research spenders, with over $179.2 billion dollars or approximately 3.2% of its total GDP being utilized for research in 2022. It possesses a well-established complex of research universities, research institutes, government-operated R&D laboratories, and technologically innovative companies, as well as the infrastructure and industrial base necessary to convert new advances and technologies into applied systems. It is particularly notable for its extensive research and design capabilities in engineering fields such as aerospace, mechanical, electronic, electrical, marine, manufacturing, industrial, agricultural, chemical, civil, and systems engineering, as well as materials science.

Institutions

The Pelinese research and development system encompasses a great variety of component organizations, primarily including private and state-owned enterprises, universities, independent research facilities, government agencies, professional associations, and academies of sciences, which are engaged in the activities of funding, conducting, publishing, and/or applying scientific research.

The primary government bodies overseeing the conduct of research in Pelinai as a whole are the Pelinese Academy of Sciences and Engineering and the Pelinese Academy of Social Sciences, which govern research in the natural sciences and the social sciences, respectively. In addition to advising the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology and other ministries on policy matters pertaining to research, higher education, and scientific fields, each body determines standards for the conduct and publishing of research in their respective fields.

Funding for research in Pelinai is provided by a combination of state and private entities. The National Research Grant Agency is the primary distributor of state-funded monetary grants to universities and nonprofit research foundations, along with the ministry-level programs operated by the Ministries of Defense, Energy, Health and others, while research conducted by enterprises is normally self-funded. Some field-specific grants are also provided by professional associations and nonprofit entities to promote specific topics of study.

Research and development work itself is carried out in Pelinai by many different types of organization, which vary strongly by the type of research being conducted. Universities in Pelinai such as Nishiyama State University and Dainēsa State Technical University produce research in the widest variety of topics and are, aside from some peripheral entities such as museums, the most significant Pelinese source of published papers pertaining to the social sciences; additionally, many university-affiliated entities such as the Iroiko College of Aerospace Technology work with commercial and government entities on applied research and the design of new systems. Independent research laboratories, as well as semi-independent complexes like Magnolia Park, perform primarily applied research, product development, and other similar services in collaboration with contractors such as commercial enterprises and government entities. Government entities at all levels, such as Pelkosmos, the Pelinese Ministries of Energy, Defense, Health, and Education, Science, and Technology, and the Pelinese White Army also maintain research facilities to conduct technological development in service of their objectives. Many enterprises of both private and state ownership also maintain in-house R&D departments to conduct product development and refinement.

Many academic journals exist in Pelinai to serve the purpose of publishing suitable university and government research papers; these include conventional commercially published journals, state-printed journals, university-printed journals, and journals printed by professional associations. Commercial publishers are relatively less important in Pelinai in comparison to other countries, with only 65% of papers published through them. academic conferences held by entities such as universities, professional associations, government agencies, and trade associations also publish a significant number of research papers.

See also

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• Education in Pelinai